Glossary
Income statement: what the activity produced
The income statement traces the income and expenses of a period, then derives the result. It answers the director's question: did this year's activity create value. It reads through successive balances, each answering a distinct question.
A period, not a date
The income statement gathers the income and expenses of a financial year and derives the result. It reads through successive balances: trading margin first, then value added, operating surplus, financial result and net result. Each balance answers a distinct question, and it is their sequence that shows where the company genuinely earns.
- It covers a whole period, where the balance sheet photographs a date
- Margin, value added, operating surplus, net result
- Each balance answers a distinct question for the director
The balances that carry the reading
The Finance and Accounting programme has candidates build the balances one by one and shows what each reveals. The Entrepreneurship programme uses it differently: building a forecast income statement, testing it against three revenue scenarios and checking the level at which the activity holds.
- 01
1 — Trading margin
What resale leaves once the purchase is deducted: the first signal of the model's viability.
- 02
2 — Value added
What the company genuinely creates, after external purchases: this is the wealth then shared out.
- 03
3 — Operating surplus
What the core business generates, once wages and operating taxes are met.
- 04
4 — Net result
What remains after financing and tax: the share going to shareholders or back into the business.
Programmes that have you analyse it
2 catalogue programmes put “Income statement” to work: 180 credits and 1800 taught hours in total. The official rule holds throughout — one credit stands for 25 hours of work, 10 of them taught. Every line below is recomputed from the programme page: level, duration, credits, taught volume and fees in Guinean francs appear exactly as filed in the official catalogue.
| Programme | Level | Duration | Volume | Fees |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Finance and Accounting programme — Bac+5 level | Master's degree | 2 years | 120 credits · 1200 taught hours | 6 800 000 GNF per year |
| Entrepreneurship | Bachelor's degree | 18 months | 60 credits · 600 taught hours | 4 400 000 GNF per year |
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